Strap muscles thyroid

Federal government websites often end in. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site. The site is secure.

The infrahyoid muscles are a group of four muscles that are located inferiorly to the hyoid bone in the neck. They can be divided into two groups:. The arterial supply to the infrahyoid muscles is via the superior and inferior thyroid arteries , with venous drainage via the corresponding veins. In this article, we shall look at the anatomy of the infrahyoid muscles — their attachments, actions and innervations. The omohyoid is comprised of two muscle bellies, which are connected by a muscular tendon. The sternohyoid muscle is located in the superficial plane of the neck, along with the omohyoid muscle.

Strap muscles thyroid

Federal government websites often end in. The site is secure. However, the impact of strap muscle invasion on disease-specific survival DSS remains controversial. The modified staging schema may better reflect cancer-caused death risk and may prevent potential overstaging. Validation studies have corroborated the new staging system by showing better allocation of relatively low-risk patients into lower stages with excellent survival outcomes 3 , and high-risk patients into more advanced stages 3 — 7. The newly introduced staging factor of gross strap muscle invasion alone T3b has been associated with higher risk of positive resection margin, bigger tumor size, higher recurrence rate, and lower disease survival rate 8 — However, studies have reported that strap muscle invasion alone, both minimal and gross, may not have significant influence on overall survival 11 , 12 , particularly in tumors equal to or smaller than 40 mm A recent study has also suggested similar disease-free survival rate between the minimal ETE and gross strap muscle invasion alone groups in papillary thyroid carcinomas with tumor size to mm With advances in surgical techniques and adjuvant therapies 13 , it is possible that tumors with strap muscle invasion alone may indeed have better prognosis than previously anticipated. Therefore, the impact of strap muscle invasion alone, both minimal and gross, on the survival of thyroid cancer patients needs to be elucidated to accurately allocate patients into appropriate staging groups according to individual risk, which will ensure longer disease-free survival and prevent overtreatment.

In all patients, iCa was measured before and 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours after surgery.

Wide and adequate exposure of the surgical field is essential for successful thyroid surgery. The most common procedure for conventional open thyroidectomy is the midline approach, in which the strap muscles are divided along the linea alba and separated from the thyroid gland. An insufficient surgical field exposure not only increases operation time and blood loss, it also increases the risk of injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve RLN and parathyroid gland PG due to poor visibility during surgical dissection 1. The aim of this study was to evaluate the U-shaped strap muscle flap USMF approach that provides excellent exposure of the surgical field. Postoperative objective voice analysis and subjective assessment of voice and swallowing were also performed to evaluate USMF outcomes, including voice and swallowing function. The USMF was performed as follows. After elevation of the skin flap, the strap muscles were cut at a lower margin close to the clavicle and then cut along the anterior margin of both sternocleidomastoid muscles.

Skip to main content. Make a Donation. Local management practices, referral patterns, patient factors, and the reliability of cytologic evaluation combine to influence the treatment course adopted in many patients. The following is a compilation of indications for thyroidectomy or lobectomy used at this institution. It should be recognized that these indications may be modified based on the presumed pathology of the lesion and factors specific to the individual case. Consideration of all the factors influencing the decision to operate and which operation to do would be beyond the scope of this protocol outline see Thyroid Cancer Evaluation and Management protocol. Diagnosis of malignant tumor of the thyroid by FNA or prior biopsy Vocal cord paralysis with an associated thyroid mass Palpable fixation of a thyroid mass to surrounding tissues Diagnosis of "follicular neoplasm" of the thyroid by FNA Diagnosis of "atypia of undetermined significance" a relative indication for surgery as of Roman et. The decision to perform thyroid surgery in this setting depends on the clinical situation under which the metastatic disease was found. If the metastatic disease was encountered in a palpable node in the absence of other head and neck cancer, thyroid surgery is indicated. When well-differentiated thyroid cancer is seen pathologically in a neck dissection specimen that also contains metastatic squamous cell cancer and there is no evidence of a thyroid mass, thyroidectomy is unlikely to alter the clinical course of the patient if radiation therapy is administered to the neck postoperatively.

Strap muscles thyroid

Insights into Imaging volume 7 , pages 77—86 Cite this article. Metrics details. Thyroid nodules are a common occurrence in the general population, and these incidental thyroid nodules are often referred for ultrasound US evaluation. US provides a safe and fast method of examination.

Happy birthday song with name in hindi

Incoming Links. Last's anatomy, regional and applied. The sternohyoid muscle is located in the superficial plane of the neck, along with the omohyoid muscle. Together, the infrahyoid muscles are important for swallowing and phonation due to their actions of gross movement of and positioning of the larynx. Infrahyoid muscles: Together, the infrahyoid muscles play an active role in swallowing through the movement of the larynx. Found an error? Statistical analysis Statistical analyses were performed using commercially available software R software, version 3. Hartwig W. Superior root of ansa cervicalis C1. Anat Sci Int. Make the changes yourself here! A P value less than 0. The reason behind this is that the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve is in the vicinity and can be injured.

Federal government websites often end in. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site. The site is secure.

J Ultrasound. An insufficient surgical field exposure not only increases operation time and blood loss, it also increases the risk of injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve RLN and parathyroid gland PG due to poor visibility during surgical dissection 1. Don't ask me again. Orange color indicates patients with strap muscle invasion T3bN any M0 who were restaged according to tumor size. Pontius LN, et al. Incoming Links. This retrospective study utilizing a publicly available database with de-identified records did not require informed consent from the SEER registered cases, and Institutional Review Board approval was formally waived. Table 4 Multivariable competing risk analysis of clinical and pathological variables for cancer—caused death according to the AJCC 8th TNM staging schema. Found an error? Characteristics and significance of minimal and maximal extrathyroidal extension in papillary thyroid carcinoma.