Soil respiration soc

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The authors present results from a temporally extensive dataset providing insights into soil respiration dynamics in urban green spaces. The objectives were to distinguish differences in soil respiration rates measured in different types of tree-covered urban greenspace as well as assessing the impact of the UHI effect and increased irrigation on soil respiration. Results suggest that despite differences in sites, management, tree cover, SOC and soil temperature there were no distinct differences in soil respiration - possibly due to similar soil moisture contents across the sites. Overall, the paper is well written with clear objectives and conclusions supported by the results. The use of an ecosystem model to understand UHI effects and the impact of irrigation on soil respiration seems to be an interesting approach and encourages further studies to simulate the urban carbon cycle for different future scenarios. However, there is a need to add further information about the ecosystem model as outlined below. It also seems there are a lot of assumptions being made about model inputs and it is not always clear how these vary across the different sites and whether these introduce any uncertainties into the model results.

Soil respiration soc

Soils are the largest terrestrial carbon store and soil respiration is the second-largest flux in ecosystem carbon cycling. Across China's temperate region, climatic changes and human activities have frequently caused the transformation of grasslands to woodlands. However, the effect of this transition on soil respiration and soil organic carbon SOC dynamics remains uncertain in this area. In this study, we measured in situ soil respiration and SOC storage over a two-year period Jan. The variation in soil respiration among different vegetation types could be well explained by SOC and soil total nitrogen content. Despite higher soil respiration in woodlands, SOC storage and residence time increased in the upper 20 cm of soil. Our results suggest that the differences in soil environmental conditions, especially soil substrate availability, influenced the level of annual soil respiration produced by different vegetation types. Moreover, shifts from grassland to woody plant dominance resulted in increased SOC storage. Given the widespread increase in woody plant abundance caused by climate change and large-scale afforestation programs, the soils are expected to accumulate and store increased amounts of organic carbon in temperate areas of China. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

During winter November to Marchlonger soil collars determined by snow depth, less than 30 cm were inserted into the soil surface and stabilized for 24 h before measurement of the winter SR [46][47], soil respiration soc. Views 2, The stability of SOC along the altitudinal gradient was mainly dependent on the intrinsic processes of SOC formation and nutrient status.

Microbial respiration soil respiration is defined as oxygen uptake or carbon dioxide evolution by bacteria, fungi, algae and protozoans, and includes the gas exchange of aerobic and anaerobic metabolism Anderson Soil respiration results from the degradation of organic matter e. This soil biological activity consists of numerous individual activities; the formation of C0 2 is the last step of carbon mineralization. In undisturbed soils no nutrient addition etc. Upon a disturbance, e. This increased respiration is characterized by an initial, an acceleration, an exponential, a delay, a stationary and a decreasing phase Freytag

Soil respiration is the primary path by which CO 2 fixed by land plants returns to the atmosphere. The objective of this paper is to provide a brief scientific review for policymakers who are concerned that changes in soil respiration may contribute to the rise in CO 2 in Earth's atmosphere. Rising concentrations of CO 2 in the atmosphere will increase the flux of CO 2 from soils, while simultaneously leaving a greater store of carbon in the soil. Traditional tillage cultivation and rising temperature increase the flux of CO 2 from soils without increasing the stock of soil organic matter. Increasing deposition of nitrogen from the atmosphere may lead to the sequestration of carbon in vegetation and soils. The response of the land biosphere to simultaneous changes in all of these factors is unknown, but a large increase in the soil carbon pool seems unlikely to moderate the rise in atmospheric CO 2 during the next century. This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access. Rent this article via DeepDyve.

Soil respiration soc

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Soil Biol Biochem 28 : — Despite having the largest decomposition rate, the labile carbon pool was smallest in size and thus contributed a negligible proportion to the total C-CO 2 release Table 4. As aggregation in the incubated soils was partly disturbed when being ground, the interaction of SOC and minerals was the critical controlling factor for the intermediate carbon pool size that could be potentially decomposed. Glob Change Biol 8 : — Soil carbon dynamics in corn-based agroecosystems: Results from carbon natural abundance. Journal of Arid Environments 45— The soil microbial biomass was estimated through substrate induced respiration according to Anderson and Domsch Hilli, S. Google Scholar Schmidt, M. How was the size of the litter elements determined? Because the carbon stored in topsoil is the carbon pool that is most sensitive to land management practices [48] , [49] , we sampled mineral soils at depths of 0—10 and 10—20 cm from five random locations per plot using 5. However, no significant increase was observed when EC and SH Table 4 were compared with GR, possibly because of the small sample size and large spatial heterogeneity seen in SOC in this study.

Forest Ecosystems volume 6 , Article number: 1 Cite this article. Metrics details.

Symbols are the same in a — d. In agreement with this, Suetsugu et al. SWC was only obtained during the growing season because the probe could not be fully inserted into the frozen soil in winter. Therefore, we expected the correlation between SR and SOC was derived from the component of heterotrophic respiration, because heterotrophic respiration is a result of the mineralization of SOC that is stored in large stocks [59] , [60] , [61] while autotrophic respiration depends on fresh photosynthates [62]. Across China's temperate region, climatic changes and human activities have frequently caused the transformation of grasslands to woodlands. Furthermore, three functional SOC pools fast, intermediate, and passive , that differentiate in terms of stabilization mechanisms, were quantitatively estimated according to the method described by Doetterl et al. For an eroding site where the total Cs inventory is less than the reference inventory, soil erosion rates can be estimated using the simplified mass balance model proposed by Zhang et al. The factors included the environmental temperature represented as the MAT; the relevant soil characteristics e. The stable carbon pool size exhibited no significant relationship with these variables. Considering that there might be dramatic changes in soil respiration when paddy fields were drained and plowed for dry farming, we monitored h respiration in CL on 2 days that had similar weather, one shortly after the soil was drained but not plowed 17 November and the other immediately after the soil was plowed 3 December One might suspect that a longer period e.