How to access /etc/shadow file without root

Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. The system I am using is a CentOS 7. Are these steps that I am following correct? Please let me know, and I can provide additional information if needed.

Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. I am reading a book on ethical hacking, and it has some examples in Python which I won't post here unless asked since this isn't Stack Overflow. They can't copy it, open it; etc. Is there some brute force method? I don't know anything about these, where can I learn? In order to understand how a hacker could access this file you have to think like a hacker, mainly outside the box, of what most would consider to be "normal" methods for accessing a file. I've seen many examples throughout my career where developers or unknowledgeable sysadmins have run applications such as Tomcat or Apache as root.

How to access /etc/shadow file without root

It is readable only by the root user or super user. To see this feature in action, access a root shell and run following commands. In Ubuntu Linux, by default root account is disabled. If you are following tutorial on Ubuntu Linux, access a super user shell and run following commands. But when we performed the same action from a root user or super user account, shell allowed to it. This security feature keeps encrypted passwords safe from unauthorized users and password cracking programs. In both files, this field represents login name and stores the exactly same information. When a new user account is created, both files are updated simultaneously. This field stores actual user password in encrypted form. For encryption it uses SHA algorithm. In this algorithm, a random salt is mixed with original password before encryption. If two or more users have selected the same password, due to this feature, their encrypted passwords will be different.

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It has been a while since I worked on anything PAM related, but I recently became interested in exploring how to convert the su binary to work with capabilities only, and not require it being setuid-root. Recall, in this environment , being root comes with no super user privilege. However, we shouldn't ever forget that root owns a lot of system files! That was a set of applications those of us, that originally developed Linux-PAM, wrote to prototype modules and libpam improvements against. I had a prototyping project related to libcap now and, while a couple of decades had elapsed, it was fun to take that code out for a spin again. Which is what we actually need to have su correctly function. In PURE1E mode the su program won't be running as setuid-root , but we want the code to authenticate other users

Ask questions, find answers and collaborate at work with Stack Overflow for Teams. Explore Teams. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. I am reading a book on ethical hacking, and it has some examples in Python which I won't post here unless asked since this isn't Stack Overflow. They can't copy it, open it; etc.

How to access /etc/shadow file without root

It is readable only by the root user or super user. To see this feature in action, access a root shell and run following commands. In Ubuntu Linux, by default root account is disabled. If you are following tutorial on Ubuntu Linux, access a super user shell and run following commands. But when we performed the same action from a root user or super user account, shell allowed to it.

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That just means that it doesn't know, and it's making its best guess. Are these steps that I am following correct? The system I am using is a CentOS 7. However, we shouldn't ever forget that root owns a lot of system files! The last field is reserved for future. Since libcap Above, we have used the capsh To specify a date, number of days starting from 1 January is used. Hot Network Questions. Improve this question.

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If this field is set to blank, user account will never expire. Why do you believe that it's not? Add a comment. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Warning message will be display only when user will be login in command line terminal. What if some system authentication is modified so it is not using a shadow file, or it is moved? Page updated. Oh sorry, just saw it thanks! Show 2 more comments. Please let me know, and I can provide additional information if needed. This field stores actual user password in encrypted form.